Congestive Heart Failure Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Congestive Heart ill luck - Case Study ExampleThe heart failure is divided into systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction. The exclusion fraction, the fraction of blood that is pumped out by the contracting heart at the time of systole, determines the flake of heart failure an individual is suffering from. Congestive heart failure is characterized by shortness of snorkel breather which increases from exertion. Other symptoms include peripheral edema which is caused by fluid retention in the legs. As in the case-study, CHF is associated with hypertension, which is one of the causes for heart failure caused by excessive stretching of the heart muscles. Apart from the clinical launching of dyspnea, the patient also has 8 pound weight gain, which points out to another etiological factor of corpulency which results in the causation of CHF. With the increase in weight, the workload of heart increases and hence the heart muscles weaken wind to CHF. It can also be a factor in exa cerbation of CHF (Roberts 2009). The patient also complains of white meat unhinge and is prescribed nitroglycerine ointment, Darvocet and Ibuprofen for her chest pain. Angina pectoris is described as chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium. The angina pectoris is associated with several risk factors which include family history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, old time and hyperlipidemia. As unmixed from the patients history, she has associated complaints of hypertension and also an increased amount of weight for which she is macrocosm given a lipid lowering agent, Zocar 50mg once a day. The pain or discomfort is experienced retrosternal which extends to the shoulders, arms and jaws as well. The triggering factors might include emotional stress, exertion, post-meal or excessive cold (Griffin & Topol 2009). Hypertension is another complaint and she is being given Minipres and Calan once a day for lowering her blood instancy. Hypertension is one of the major(ip) risk fa ctors for heart failure and is defined as a systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 140/90 or greater than that. A complete history about patients lifestyle and daily habits pass on help in evaluating the etiology of hypertension (Toth & Cannon 2010). Atrial fibrillation is the quaternary pathology evident from the patients case study. It results in tachyarrhythmia which presents as palpitations, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Less commonly the patients will manifest with chest pain or pulmonary edema. Its association with congestive heart failure, advanced age and hypertension can be explained by the reduced atrial contractions which result in atrial myolysis and unfit calcium channels leading to abnormal sympathetic innervations at a cellular level (Griffin & Topol 2009). digoxin is the most widely used cardiac glycoside for the treatment of heart failure. It promotes heart contractility and also regulates the calcium concentrations in the cytosol. With the action of Digo xin, the heart pumps blood with more force, almost resembling that of the normal heart. However, an important adverse effect includes hypokalemia which may lead to digitalis toxicity. Therefore, the patients are also prescribed potassium supplementation along with digoxin. Furosemide is a loop diuretic which increases the urine output and hence reduces the excessive water